Tanwīn Marks

نویسنده

  • Khaled Hosny
چکیده

Koranic text is one of the most widely written Arabic texts and though it is written in Arabic language, it needs special handling because of the its unique orthographic conventions. Unicode has long supported special Koranic characters, but there still few more needed for proper encoding of Koranic text. The L2/09-419 proposal takes step towards full Koran coverage in Unicode, but we believe it has several shortcomings that we try to address in this document. The L2/09-419 proposal proposes encoding a set of idġām (sequential) tanwīn marks, and though we believe in the necessity of the proposed marks, we think it is not enough and an additional set of iqlāb tanwīn still required. There are millions of copies of the Koran just using one set of tanwīn (◌ ً ◌ ٌ ◌ ٍ), but to the best of our knowledge not a single one uses the proposed sequential tanwīn (◌ ً ◌ ٌ ◌ ٍ) alone without using iqlāb tanwīn (◌ � ◌ 􀋉 ◌ �) as well—here is a line first from a typical South-Asian print, then from the King-Fahd edition: Figure 1 Different tanwīn forms, in the first line only standard tanwīn is used, in the second both the proposed sequential tanwīn (encircled in green) and the not yet proposed iqlāb tanwīn (encircled in blue) are used, thus to encode only half of the missing tanwīn marks is not sufficient for full representation of Koran.

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

TABLE OF MARKS OF FINITE GROUPS

Let G be a finite group and C(G) be the family of representative conjugacy classes of subgroups of G. The matrix whose H;K-entry is the number of fixed points of the set G=K under the action of H is called the table of marks of G where H;K run through all elements in C(G). In this paper, we compute the table of marks and the markaracter table of groups of order pqr where p, q, r are prime numbers.

متن کامل

Optimization of Dimensional Deviations in Wax Patterns for Investment Casting

Investment casting is a versatile manufacturing process to produce high quality parts with high dimensional accuracy. The process begins with the manufacture of wax patterns. The dimensional accuracy of the model affects the quality of the finished part. The present study investigated the control and optimization of dimensional deviations in wax patterns. A mold for an H-shaped wax pattern was ...

متن کامل

اثربخشی گروهدرمانی شناختی-رفتاری بر باورهای غیر منطقی

Objective: This research with purpose of impression of recognition–manner group iatrical is done on change to invertebrate extinct beliefs and person`s life quality related to amphetamine. Method: thus have inspected 127 reference diseased to matters abusing iatrical centers of Arak city with questionnaire help of Jonz invertebrate extinguish (with 0.71 cronbakh alpha of persons to high marks) ...

متن کامل

Male and female meadow voles Microtus pennsylvanicus respond differently to scent marks from the top- middle-, and bottom-scent donors of an over-mark

Previous studies have shown that individuals responded preferentially to the mark of the top-scent donor relative to that of the bottom-scent donor of an over-mark. However, terrestrial mammals are likely to encounter over-marks consisting of the scent marks of more than two same-sex conspecifics in the intersections of runways, near the nests of sexually receptive female conspecifics, and insi...

متن کامل

ذخیره در منابع من


  با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

عنوان ژورنال:

دوره   شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2010